The Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicators

Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) is a ten-year health promotion program for improving the health of all Americans. Led by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, HP2020 is organized into 42 subject areas with 600 public health objectives. These objectives, developed and selected through consultation with a broad range of organizations, groups, and individuals, provide a framework for monitoring and measuring improvements in health status of the American population over the ten-year period from 2010 to 2020.

The Leading Health Indicators (LHI) are a set of objectives carefully selected to represent high-priority health issues and actions that can be taken to address them.

The Healthy People 2020 Structured Evidence Queries (SEQs) are pre-formulated PubMed search strategies intended to support both public health practitioners and researchers in their efforts to achieve specific HP2020 public health objectives. The HP2020 SEQs provide citations to the most up-to-date peer-reviewed literature from the PubMed database of the National Library of Medicine.

For persons interested in using the SEQs or other NLM resources to create products for the LHI App Challenge, e.g., for mobile devices, please contact the PHPartners Team. More general information about PubMed linking and E-utilities is available from Entrez Programming Utilities Help

The Structured Evidence Queries link each Leading Health Indicator objective to PubMed citations related to that objective. For two LHI objectives, in Clinical Preventive Services (vaccination rate for toddlers) and Injury and Violence (fatal injuries), a set of SEQs is provided to further assist users. Your feedback will help us refine the SEQs over time.

To use an HP2020 SEQ to search PubMed, please expand the Leading Health Indicator topic area ("+") and click the

button by the LHI objective.

1. Access to Health Services

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Persons with medical insurance	Increase the proportion of persons with health insurance (Objective AHS-1)
Persons with a usual primary care provider	Increase the proportion of persons with a usual primary care provider (Objective AHS-3)

2. Clinical Preventive Services

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Adults who receive a colorectal cancer screening based on the most recent guidelines	Increase the proportion of adults who receive a colorectal cancer screening examination. (Objective C-16)
Adults with hypertension whose blood pressure is under control	Reduce the proportion of adults with high blood pressure (Objective HDS-12)
Adults diabetic population with an A1c value greater than 9 percent	Improve glycemic control among the population with diagnosed diabetes (Objective D-5.1)
Children aged 19 to 35 months who receive the recommended doses of DTaP, polio, MMR, Hib, hepatitis B, varicella and PCV vaccines	Reduce or eliminate indigenous cases of vaccine-preventable diseases. Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis (Objective IID-8) Reduce or eliminate indigenous cases of vaccine-preventable diseases. Polio (Objective IID-8) Reduce or eliminate indigenous cases of vaccine-preventable diseases. Measles, Mumps, Rubella (Objective IID-8) Reduce or eliminate indigenous cases of vaccine-preventable diseases. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Objective IID-8) Reduce or eliminate indigenous cases of vaccine-preventable diseases. Hepatitis B (Objective IID-8) Reduce or eliminate indigenous cases of vaccine-preventable diseases. Varicella (Objective IID-8) Reduce or eliminate indigenous cases of vaccine-preventable diseases. Pneumococcal Infections (Objective IID-8)

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Air Quality Index (AQI)	Harmful Air Pollution: Ozone and Particulate Matter. Reduce the proportion of persons exposed to air that does not meet the U.S. Envirnomental Agency's health-based standards for harmful air pollutants (Objective EH-1)
Children aged 3 to 11 years exposed to secondhand smoke	Reduce the proportion of nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke (Objective TU-11.1)

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Fatal injuries (Objective IVP-1.1)	Reduce deaths caused by poisoning (Objective IVP-9.1) Reduce deaths caused by motor vehicles crashes (Objective IVP-13) Reduce deaths from falls (Objective IVP-23) Residential fire deaths (Objective IVP-28) Reduce maltreatment and maltreatment fatalities of children (Objective IVP-37)
Homicides	Reduce homicides (Objective IVP-29)

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Infant deaths	Reduce fetal and infant deaths (Objective MICH-1.3)
Preterm births	Reduce low birth weight (LBW) and very low birth weight (VLBW). Reduce preterm births (Objective MICH-9.1)

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Suicides	Reduce the suicide rate (Objective MHMD-1)
Adolescents who experience major depressive episodes (MDE)	Reduce the proportion of adolescents who experience major depressive episode (MDE) (Objective MHMD-4.1)

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Adults who meet current Federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening activity	Increase the proportion of persons who meet current Federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity and for muscle-strengthening activity (Objective PA-2.4)
Adults who are obese	Reduce the proportion of adults who are obese (Objective NWS-9)
Children and adolescents who are considered obese	Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese (Objective NWS-10.4)
Total vegetable intake for persons aged 2 years and older	Increase the proportion of persons aged 2 years and older who consume at least 2 daily servings of fruit and 3 servings of vegetables (Objective NWS-15.1)

Structured Evidence Queries (SEQs) for the Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicators

1. Access to Health Services

2. Clinical Preventive Services

3. Environmental Quality

4. Injury and Violence

5. Maternal, Infant and Child Health

6. Mental Health

7. Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity

8. Oral Health

9. Reproductive and Sexual Health

10. Social Determinants

11. Substance Abuse

12. Tobacco

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Sexually active females aged 15-44 who received reproductive health services in the past 12 months	Increase the proportion of sexually activve females aged 15 to 44 years who received reproductive health services (Objective FP-7.1)
Persons living with HIV who know their serostatus	Increase the number of HIV-positive persons who know their serostatus (Objective HIV-13)

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Adolescents using alcohol or any illicit drugs during the past 30 days	Reduce past month use of alcohol or illicit substances by adolescents (Objective SA-13.1)
Adults engaging in binge drinking during the past 30 days	Reduce the proportion of persons engaging in binge drinking of alcoholic beverages (Objective SA-14.3)

Leading Health Indicators	Healthy People 2020 Objectives/PubMed Structured Evidence Queries
Adults who are current cigarette smokers	Reduce tobacco use by adults (Objective TU-1.1)
Adolescents who smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days	Reduce tobacco use by adolescents (Objective TU-2.2)